Physics
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Item Development of an Automatic Body Mass Index Measurement Machine(2019-05-12) Theophilus Ewetumo, Kayode D. Adedayo, Yusuf B. Lawal, Abiodun T. Edun and Joseph E. OrokheThe potential occurrence of certain illnesses can be easily diagnosed through measurements of some health indicators. One of such parameters is the Body Mass Index (BMI). BMI is simply the ratio of mass (kg) of a body to the square of its height (m2 ). This research presents the design and construction of an automated BMI measurement machine for medical purposes. It consists of three major units: the weighing unit (5 – 200 kg); height-measuring unit (0.02 – 2 m) and the processing unit. The weighing unit is made up of load button cell and load cell amplifier while the height-measuring unit consists of ultrasonic sensor. The analog differential output voltage from load cell is connected to Arduino microcontroller via a Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA) integrated with Analogue-to-Digital Converter (ADC). The two units are connected to an open source Arduino Uno which computes mass-to-body ratio and sends the output results (mass, height and BMI) to the liquid crystal display (LCD). The weighing system was calibrated against a precision digital weighing system and it gave a correlation of 0.99. The height measurement was also compared with manual height measurement using a tape rule which gave a correlation of 0.97. The developed Instrument is cost effective and has high positive correlation with the standards (weighing scale and tape rule), it is therefore recommended for the measurement of weight, height and BMI.Item Development of Viscosity Measuring Device Using Vibrational Technique(2018-07-23) T. Ewetumo, K. D. Adedayo, M. A. Sodunke and Y. B. LawalThe project centers on the development of viscosity measuring device using vibrational techniques. The instrument consists of a variable power supply, two solenoids each with plungers, needle with a pendulum bob attached, switching circuit, current – voltage sensors, microcontroller, analog–to– digital converter and Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) unit. The developed system consists of a variable power supply used to create varying magnetic fields in the solenoids so that the plungers can attract and release the pendulum bob. As the magnetic field strength varies, the pendulum experiences force sufficient to overcome the internal friction within the liquid. The pendulum bob is thus set into periodic to and fro motion. The pendulum bob movement was monitored by a microcontroller through a reflective optical sensor. Viscosity was measured through the calibration constant generated from a liquid of known viscosity, applied voltage, current generated from the solenoids and the dragging time. Gear oil, engine oil, palm oil, olive oil were the fluids investigated with the developed system for performance evaluation. Statistical analysis revealed a percentage error value of 2.87% and accuracy of 97.13% which shows a good agreement between the standard and what is available in the literature. The instrument performed well and it is therefore suitable for the measurement of liquids' viscosities.Item Construction of an Automatic Temperature Controller for Monitoring Heating and Cooling Systems(Centre for Research and Development (CERAD), 2016-04-02) LAWAL, B.Y, DADA, J.B. and AHMED-ADE, F.The Automatic Temperature Controller (ATC) is a locally designed microcontroller borne electronic circuit system capable of monitoring and controlling the temperature of a thermally isolated enclosure or chamber, provided the heating or cooling source is powered electrically. Monitoring and automation are achieved with the aid of Temperature sensor, Microcontroller IC, Analogue-to-Digital Converter (ADC), Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) unit, Switching circuit and other essential components. The Microcontroller has been programmed to monitor and control instantaneous temperature values received from a temperature sensor. The preset values determine whether a relay is energized or de-energized. The switching terminal of the relay has been connected in series to the live terminal of the mains that powers an electrical heating or cooling systems. The circuit can be employed in managing the temperature of drying compartments such as House warmer, heating furnace, incubators, and others. The temperature range of the system is between 4oC and 130oC with a resolution of 0.5oCItem Chaotic assessment of the key performance indicators for a GSM Network congestion in an election period in Nigeria(Nigeria Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 2019-05-06) A. O. Adelakun, B. Y. Lawal, M. A. Adekoya, K. E. UkhureboThis paper investigates the chaos-based assessment of the Key performance Indicators (KPIs) for the Cellular network congestion during and after 2011 People Democratic Party (PDP) presidential primary election in Eagle Square within Abuja and its environs. Chaotic quantifiers such as average mutual information, Lyapunov exponents and specific attenuation were employed to study the congestion rate or dynamical state of the network. The chaotic assessment of the Wideband Code Division Multiplexing Access (WCDMA) data services provided by MTN network using KPIs are reported. The data retrieved from the three Base Transceiver Stations (BTSs) were used to analyse the performance of the network. The results revealed the state of dynamical behaviour of the congestion during the study period.